The present dataset is related to a scoping review conducted to evaluate if published papers on randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on dental caries adhere to different domains related to open science. A representative sample of English-language-papers on dental caries published since 2000 was evaluated regarding the adherence to practices of open science, such as open access, use of reporting guidelines, trial registration, open methodology, use of open source software, availability of the scripts or statistical analysis plan, open data and open peer-review. The dataset is available in an Excel file (Windows) and presents three sheets. The first sheet (All papers) shows all papers tracked and evaluated for eligibility. The second sheet contains all included and analyzed documents. The third sheet contains information regarding the journal's recommendations about open science practices, considering the 15 journals with the most articles in our study.